Peran Scaffolding Dalam Pengembangan Bahasa Anak Usia Dini: Kajian Teori Lev Vygotsky
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61798/wjpe.v5i2.752Keywords:
Bahasa, AUD, Scaffolding.Abstract
Perkembangan bahasa anak usia dini pada periode emas (golden age) sangat ditentukan oleh kualitas interaksi sosial dalam pembelajaran berbasis bermain, namun implementasi scaffolding sebagai strategi Vygotskian masih menghadapi kesenjangan antara konsep teoretis dan praktik di lapangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji secara komprehensif peran scaffolding dalam pengembangan bahasa anak usia dini melalui pendekatan pembelajaran berbasis bermain dengan perspektif teori Vygotsky. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis library research, menganalisis 40 artikel jurnal mutakhir (2020-2025) serta karya fundamental Vygotsky melalui teknik analisis isi dan triangulasi sumber. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa scaffolding efektif meningkatkan kemampuan bahasa anak hingga 85%, dengan tiga pola utama: pemecahan tugas kompleks, dialog interaktif, dan umpan balik real-time. Faktor penentu efektivitas meliputi sifat kontingen dukungan, penggunaan pertanyaan inferensial (bukan literal), serta tingkat pendidikan guru. Namun, praktik lapangan masih didominasi pola IRF loop tunggal dan rendahnya penggunaan strategi scaffolding tingkat tinggi seperti rekast dan elaborasi. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi teoretis berupa integrasi tiga komponen kunci (lingkungan bermain, interaksi intensif, dan scaffolding tepat) serta rekomendasi praktis untuk penguatan kompetensi pedagogis guru PAUD. Prospek penelitian masa depan meliputi studi longitudinal, komparasi scaffolding manusiawi versus teknologi, serta eksplorasi dalam konteks inklusif dan lintas budaya.
Downloads
References
Abdallah, M. (2024). The Role And Function Of Literature Review In Educational Research Studies : A Pragmatic Perspective By. October, 1–13.
Akhmedova M.A. (2025). Courses : A Pedagogical Model For Foreign Language. 6(133), 129–132.
Arora, B., Al-Wadi, H., Afari, E., & Info, A. (2024). Scaffolding Instruction For Improvement In Learning English Language Skills. 13(2), 1265–1275. Https://Doi.Org/10.11591/Ijere.V13i2.26659
Bakar, K. A., Ismail, N. K., & Ding, Y. (2025). E-Prosiding Persidangan Antarabangsa Penjagaan Dan Pendidikan Awal Kanak-Kanak. 1–450.
Carter, N., Bryant-Lukosius, D., Dicenso, A., & Blythe, J. (2014). Methods & Meanings. 41(5), 545–547. Https://Doi.Org/10.1188/14.ONF.545-547
Chen, H., Disney, L., & Li, L. (2024). Learning , Culture And Social Interaction Studying Children ’ S Motives In Mathematical Problem-Solving During Transition From Kindergarten To School : A Conceptual Playworld Approach. Learning, Culture And Social Interaction, 48(September 2023), 100850. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Lcsi.2024.100850
Critten, V., Hagon, H., & Messer, D. (2022). Can Pre ‑ School Children Learn Programming And Coding Through Guided Play Activities ? A Case Study In Computational Thinking. Early Childhood Education Journal, 50(6), 969–981. Https://Doi.Org/10.1007/S10643-021-01236-8
Dan, R., Sari, A. R., Si, M., Ed, C., Husnawati, H. Al, Pd, S. I., & Pd, M. (N.D.). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif ,.
Gibson, J. L., Pritchard, E., & Lemos, C. De. (2021). Play-Based Interventions To Support Social And Communication Development In Autistic Children Aged 2 – 8 Years : A Scoping Review. Https://Doi.Org/10.1177/23969415211015840
Gillies, R. M. (2015). Dialogic Interactions In The Cooperative Classroom. International Journal Of Educational Research. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Ijer.2015.02.009
Gordon, R. A., Hofer, K. G., Fujimoto, K. A., Risk, N., & Kaestner, R. (2015). No Title. 1086–1110.
Gulubba, S. M., Abd, A., Ahmad, A., & Mustafa, H. R. (2019). Scaffolding Language Development And Learning In Teacher-Student Interactions. 2, 1035–1040. Https://Doi.Org/10.35940/Ijrte.B1160.0982S919
Haerudin, U. M. (2024). Interaksi Guru Dan Anak Dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Bahasa Anak Usia Dini Dalam Perpektif Hadits Nabi SAW. 2(2), 191–197.
Irshad, S., Maan, M. F., Batool, H., & Hanif, A. (2021). Vygotsky ’ S Zone Of Proximal Development ( ZPD ): An Evaluative Tool For Language Learning And Social Development In Early Childhood Education. 7(6), 234–242. Https://Doi.Org/10.5281/Zenodo.4940172
Jacobi Vessels, B. A. W. J. L. (2017). Word Play : Scaffolding Language Development Through Child- Directed Play. 10643. Https://Doi.Org/10.1007/S10643-016-0827-5
Kultti, A. (2022). International Journal Of Bilingual Education And Teaching Responsive To Play And Linguistic Diversity In Early Childhood Education : Considerations On Theoretical Grounds Childhood Education : Considerations On Theoretical Grounds. 0050. Https://Doi.Org/10.1080/13670050.2021.2001426
Lei, W., & Bakar, K. A. (2025). Language Scaffolding Strategies Based On Vygotsky ’ S Zone Of Prox- Imal Development In Early Reading Education : A Cross-Cultural Comparison. 07(06), 967–984.
Lina, W. R. (2022). Pengaruh Strategi Planted Question Melalui Metode Tanya Jawab Terhadap Perkembangan Bahasa Aud Di Tk Bangsa Ratu Sukabumi Bandar Lampung. Https://Repository.Radenintan.Ac.Id/19429/1/Pusat Bab 1 Dan 2.Pdf
Lowe, J. R., Hund, L., Rodriguez, D. E., Qamruddin, A., Leeman, L., Stephen, J. M., & Bakhireva, L. N. (2022). Maternal Verbal Scaffolding: Association With Higher Language Skills For 20-Month-Old Children With Prenatal Polysubstance Exposure. 1–17. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Earlhumdev.2021.105423.Maternal
Mayring, P. (2004). Forum : Qualitative Social Research Sozialforschung 2 . History Of Content Analysis. December.
Mihai, A., & Classen, A. (2023). A Framework For Scaffolding Language Development Through Meaningful Interactions. XX(X), 233–244. Https://Doi.Org/10.1177/10962506221149701
Mohamad, Izwan, Nurhaffyithah Othman, Siti Nur Fatihah Azri, R. O. (2025). A Scoping Review Of Play-Based Learning Methods In Relation To Children Literacy Development. 4(June), 1–24.
Muhonen, A. (2016). This Is A Self-Archived Version Of An Original Article . This Version May Differ From The Original In Pagination And Typographic Details . Copyright : Rights : Rights Url : Please Cite The Original Version : 55, 143–154.
Nguyen, D., Jaekel, N., Siklander, S., & Wang, L. (2024). Second Language Learning Through Play In Early Childhood Education : A Systematic Review. 1–24.
Nilholm, C. (2021). Research About Inclusive Education In 2020 – How Can We Improve Our Theories In Order To Change Practice ? European Journal Of Special Needs Education, 36(3), 358–370. Https://Doi.Org/10.1080/08856257.2020.1754547
Permatasari, N., Sari, N., & Rini, R. Y. (2025). Analisis Bahasa Ekspresif Anak Melalui Metode Karyawisata. 6(2), 68–73.
Red, U. S. D., & Strouse, G. (2021). Learning To Learn From Video ? 30-Month-Olds Benefit From Continued Use Of Supportive Scaffolding.
Rouzi, K. S., Bin, F., Ismail, H., & Rochaendi, E. (2025). The Role Of Parenting In Developing Self-Resilience And Self- Regulated Learning: An Islamic Educational Psychology Perspective 1. 6(1), 104–120.
Schmitt, L., Weber, A., Weber, D., Leuchter, M., Schmitt, L., Weber, A., Weber, D., First, M. L., Schmitt, L., Weber, A., & Weber, D. (2024). First Insights Into Preschool Teachers ’ Instructional Quality In Block Play And Its Associations With Children ’ S Knowledge , Interest , Academic Self-Concept And Cognitive Aspects First Insights Into Preschool Teachers ’ Instructional Quality In Block Play And Its Associations With Children ’ S Knowledge , Interest , Academic Self-Concept And Cognitive Aspects. Early Education And Development, 35(7), 1501–1523. Https://Doi.Org/10.1080/10409289.2023.2233879
Vygotsky, L. S. (2016). Play And Its Role In The Mental Development Of The Child. 7(2), 3–25.
Wang, Y., Li, L., Fleer, M., Ma, Y., Wang, Y., & Fleer, M. (2024). Creating Conditions For Chinese Kindergarten Teachers ’ Professional Development In A Play- Based Setting Creating Conditions For Chinese Kindergarten Teachers ’ Professional Development In A Play-Based Setting. Early Years, 44(3–4), 665–681. Https://Doi.Org/10.1080/09575146.2023.2205055
Wasik, B. A., & Jacobi-Vessels, J. L. (N.D.). Word Play: Scaffolding Language Development Through Child-Directed Play. Early Childhood Education Journal. Https://Doi.Org/10.1007/S10643-016-0827-5
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Harisma Fatihatul Hayyu, Daroe Istiwaningsih, Tio Deny Damara, Lukista Diyana
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
